A multifunctional endothelial-mimetic surface: Synergistically combating thrombus formation by releasing nitric oxide, promoting fibrinolysis, and enhancing endothelialization

Abstract

Thrombus formation often leads to the failure of intravascular implants. Natural endothelium provides multifaceted antithrombotic functions through nitric oxide/ prostacyclin secretion to inhibit platelet activation, glycosaminoglycan mediated anticoagulation, and tissue-type plasminogen activator driven fibrinolysis. Therefore, surfaces mimicking these multiple endothelial functions are expected to have enhanced antithrombotic properties. In …