Expertise-Based Randomized Controlled Trials

The randomized controlled trial (RCT) Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) is considered the gold standard for evaluating healthcare interventions. However, this design presents a challenge for certain treatmentTreatment modalities, such as surgical interventionsIntervention, due to the inherent learning curve that some participating surgeons may not be able to overcome. The expertise-basedExpertise-based RCT has responded to this challenge by assigning surgeons with objectively determined expertiseExpertise to that treatment arm exclusively. This chapter will provide a comprehensive approach to interpreting and critically appraising expertise-based RCTs in surgery.