This study aimed to summarize the available evidence on the role of arthrodesis in pediatric patients and describe the various techniques used, their functional outcomes, and complications. AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles published until December 20 th , 2022. Study screening, selection, and data extraction were performed in duplicate and independently. Qualitative synthesis was used to describe the study design, setting, aims, inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients’ demographics, as well as relevant details on the surgical intervention and recovery. This review included nine studies, with one cross-sectional and eight case-series studies. The total number of included patients was 252, with a mean [standard deviation (SD)] age of 16.67 (10.3) years. The fixation method used in shoulder arthrodesis was primarily screws in 157 patients (62.3%), followed by Steinmann Pin in 61 patients (24%) and plate fixation in 35 patients (14%). The mean (SD) duration of follow-up was 6.8 (4) years, with a reported mean (SD) pooled success rate of 87.6% (9.17%), with most studies reporting an improved functional outcome. Non-union was the most reported complication in 31 (12.3%) patients. Arthrodesis is still a rather uncommon treatment used in rare situations to enhance shoulder function in pediatric and teenage patients, as alternative reconstructive techniques would likely be ineffective. Although the reported evidence on the efficacy and safety of shoulder arthrodesis is widely heterogeneous, a positive outcome was generally reported by studies regarding functional outcomes and complications.