Temperate phage-antibiotic synergy is widespread—extending to Pseudomonas—but varies by phage, host strain, and antibiotic pairing

Bacteriophages (phages) are bacterial-specific viruses that can be used alone or with antibiotics to reduce bacterial load. Most phages are unsuitable for therapy because they are "temperate" and can integrate into the host genome, forming a lysogen that is protected from subsequent phage infections. However, integrated phages can be awakened by stressors such as antibiotics. Supported by this interaction, here we explore the potential use of …