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Design method for generating multiple colors with...
Journal article

Design method for generating multiple colors with thickness-modulated thin-film optical filters for silicon solar cells

Abstract

This study explores an innovative approach to enhance the esthetic appeal while having minimal impact on the functional performance of solar-charged electric vehicles. We propose replacing the standard antireflective coating on solar cells with a custom-designed notch filter. This optical filter ensures high transmission across the solar spectrum and creates a distinct color rendering effect in the visible range, thereby making the cells more visually appealing. We utilized niobium pentoxide and silicon dioxide for their excellent optical, mechanical, and corrosive properties to fabricate filters reflecting at specific wavelengths, producing vibrant blue, green, and red color renderings at 400, 550, and 632 nm, respectively. Theoretical relative photocurrent density losses of only ∼7%,∼10%, and ∼14% were observed for blue, green, and red colors, respectively, due to the presence of these filters when compared to a silicon solar cell with a standard antireflective coating. Using optilayer and matlab software, we precisely designed filters with just two to four layers, achieving simplicity and effectiveness. Gradual evolution optimization followed by thin layer removal optimization produced automated and consistent thickness-modulated multilayered optical filter designs over a wide range of user inputs. Our designs were fabricated using magnetron sputtering and validated through variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and reflectance spectroscopy, showing strong agreement with our simulations. With a minimal trade-off in the functionality and efficiency of solar cells, this method transforms standard solar cells into esthetically pleasing components, broadening their appeal and potential applications in consumer products.

Authors

Bhattacharyya P; Ahammou B; White C; Azmi F; Carlow G; Kleiman R; Mascher P

Journal

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Vacuum Surfaces and Films, Vol. 43, No. 1,

Publisher

American Vacuum Society

Publication Date

January 1, 2025

DOI

10.1116/6.0003977

ISSN

0734-2101

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