Out of Time Ordered Correlators and Entanglement Growth in the Random Field XX Spin Chain
Abstract
We study out of time order correlations, $C(x,t)$ and entanglement growth in
the random field XX model with open boundary conditions using the exact
Jordan-Wigner transformation to a fermionic Hamiltonian. For any non-zero
strength of the random field this model describes an Anderson insulator. Two
scenarios are considered: A global quench with the initial state corresponding
to a product state of the Néel form, and the behaviour in a typical thermal
state at $\beta=1$. As a result of the presence of disorder the information
spreading as described by the out of time correlations stops beyond a typical
length scale,
$\xi_{OTOC}$. For $|x|<\xi_{OTOC}$ information spreading occurs at the
maximal velocity $v_{max}=J$ and we confirm predictions for the early time
behaviour of $C(x,t)\sim t^{2|x|}$. For the case of the quench starting from
the Néel product state we also study the growth of the bipartite
entanglement, focusing on the late and infinite time behaviour. The approach to
a bounded entanglement is observed to be slow for the disorder strengths we
study.