Preliminary Examination of the Accuracy of a Fall-Detection Device Embedded into Hearing Instruments

Background: Accidental falls are a significant health risk to older adults and patients seen in audiologyclinics. Personal emergency response systems are effective in preventing long lies (defined as remainingon the floor or ground for greater than one hour after a fall), but some individuals would prefer to wear less conspicuousdevices than a traditional neck-worn pendant. No previous investigation has compared theaccuracy of head-worn fall detection devices with those worn on other parts of the body. In this study, wecompared the accuracy of one commonly used fall detection pendant with two variants of a new hearinginstrument–based fall detection system.
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of detecting falls by using inertial sensorsembedded in hearing instruments.
Research Design: A study with repeated measures for one group.
Study Sample: Ten young adults served as participants. All participants had normal or corrected-to normalvision during testing. Individuals were excluded if they had self-reported cardiac disorders, recentconcussions, or musculoskeletal conditions.
Data Collection and Analysis: Data were collected from inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, embeddedinto a binaural set of hearing instruments, during laboratory-based simulations of falls, near-falls,and activities of daily living (ADLs). The detection state of a fall detection pendant was simultaneouslyrecorded during performance of each trial and compared with the outputs of offline hearing instrumentfirmware emulators.
Results: One hearing instrument–based fall detection system was more accurate than the fall detectionpendant. A second hearing instrument–based fall detection system performed similar to the fall detectionpendant. Each of the three fall detection systems investigated were robust against false-positive detectionsduring ADLs.
Conclusions: Preliminary findings demonstrate that hearing instruments embedded with a fall detectiondevice (FDD) may be a suitable alternative to more traditional forms of FDDs (e.g., pendant, wrist-worndevice, etc.) for detecting falls and potentially preventing long lies.