Deep gray matters iron deposition is positively associated with white matter hyperintensity in hypertension

The association and underlying mechanisms between iron deposition and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) remain unclear. In this study, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to quantify deep gray matters iron deposition and to explore the association from both global and regional perspectives. A total of 84 patients with hypertension and 26 healthy controls underwent a strategically acquired gradient echo (STAGE) protocol, and the multi-echo data were used to reconstruct QSM images. The susceptibilities were used to describe iron content. Global region (RI) susceptibilities were measured in regions of interest, and age-related thresholds were used to determine high-iron content region (RII) susceptibilities. Compared with healthy controls, hypertension had higher total WMH scores and regional scores (all p = .001) and higher susceptibilities using the RI or RII analysis (all p < .05). In healthy controls, there was no significant association between susceptibilities and WMH scores. In hypertension, the susceptibilities of deep gray matters were positively correlated with WMH scores (RI analysis: right putamen; RII analysis: bilateral caudate nucleus head, putamen, red nucleus, substantia nigra, and dentate nucleus; age and education corrected p < .05). These findings suggest that iron deposition in deep gray matters was positively associated with WMH in hypertension, especially using the RII analysis.