Glucocorticoid Receptor Changes Associate with Age in the Paraventricular Nucleus of Type II Diabetic Rat Model

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is associated with the dysregulation of a number of systems within the body. In the present study, we investigated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the paraventricular nuclei of 4-, 12-, 20- and 30-week-old Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa, ZDF) and in Zucker lean control (fa/+ or +/+, ZLC) rats, because the progressive induction of diabetes is detectable in this model after 7 weeks of age and chronic diabetic conditions are maintained after 12 weeks of age. GR immunoreactivity was detected in parvocellular paraventricular nuclei and this and GR protein levels were exponentially increased according to the ages. In particular, GR immunoreactivities and protein levels were markedly more increased in 30-week-old ZDF rats than in age-matched ZLC group and in younger ZDF group. The present study suggests that GR immunoreactivity and its protein level is associated with a degenerative phenotype in the hypothalamus of from 12-weeks old in the ZDF rat type II diabetes model.