Vortices for a Rotating Toroidal Bose–Einstein Condensate

We construct local minimizers of the Gross–Pitaevskii energy, introduced to model Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC) in the Thomas–Fermi regime which are subject to a uniform rotation. Our sample domain is taken to be a solid torus of revolution in $${\mathbb{R}}^3$$ with starshaped cross-section. We show that for angular speeds ωε = O(|ln ε|) there exist local minimizers of the energy which exhibit vortices, for small enough values of the …