Lithium-Ion Battery Health Estimation Using an Adaptive Dual Interacting Model Algorithm for Electric Vehicles

To ensure reliable operation of electrical systems, batteries require robust battery monitoring systems (BMSs). A BMS’s main task is to accurately estimate a battery’s available power, referred to as the state of charge (SOC). Unfortunately, the SOC cannot be measured directly due to its structure, and so must be estimated using indirect measurements. In addition, the methods used to estimate SOC are highly dependent on the battery’s available capacity, known as the state of health (SOH), which degrades as the battery is used, resulting in a complex problem. In this paper, a novel adaptive battery health estimation method is proposed. The proposed method uses a dual-filter architecture in conjunction with the interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm. The dual filter strategy allows for the model’s parameters to be updated while the IMM allows access to different degradation rates. The well-known Kalman filter (KF) and relatively new sliding innovation filter (SIF) are implemented to estimate the battery’s SOC. The resulting methods are referred to as the dual-KF-IMM and dual-SIF-IMM, respectively. As demonstrated in this paper, both algorithms show accurate estimation of the SOC and SOH of a lithium-ion battery under different cycling conditions. The results of the proposed strategies will be of interest for the safe and reliable operation of electrical systems, with particular focus on electric vehicles.