Spatial and temporal variability of dry dustfall and associated trace elements: Hamilton, Canada

Atmospheric total solids (TS) and elemental dry deposition rates were examined at four sites in Hamilton, Canada. TS and elemental loadings typically decreased in magnitude according to landuse: industrial > Central Business District > suburban > rural. Variability in elemental concentration enrichment vas related to landuse, and for Cu, variability was also related to changes in the dominant wind direction between sample periods. Information on dry dustfall is important for various types of research, including urban runoff and air quality modelling, ecosystem nutrient cycling and epidemiological studies.