Trojan Genes or Transparent Genomes? Sexual Selection and Potential Impacts of Genetically Modified Animals in Natural Ecosystems

Introgression of genetically engineered modifications (GMs) into natural populations represents a new realm for mutation theory. GMs, like mutations, have direct and pleiotropic impacts that can disrupt evolved adaptive suites. If GM males are more competitive or attractive mates, the “Trojan Gene Hypothesis” predicts potentially drastic impacts. We examined sexual selection in transgenic growth hormone (Tg) mice that are strong Trojan …