Birth Order and Familial Sentiment Middleborns are Different

Effects of birth order on several aspects of family relations and self-identity were examined in three studies. In Study 1, first and lastborn undergraduates were more likely than middleborns to refer to kinship in characterizing themselves. In Study 2, subjects were asked to whom they would turn under two scenarios of duress. First and lastborns were more likely to nominate parents, whereas middleborns were much more likely than other …