Household Air Pollution and Associated Health Effects in Low and Middle Income Countries

The term “air pollution” is often used in reference to the state of the ambient air quality. However, both acute and chronic exposure to indoor or household air pollution (HAP) is associated with various adverse health effects, particularly related to cardiorespiratory outcomes. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), about 90% of rural household use solid-fuel, majority in traditional inefficient cookstove without adequate ventilation …