Many of the common inherent problems in urban decay (as discussed in earlier chapters in this book, and also captured by Roberts’s (2000, p. 16) and Otsuka and Reeve (2007)) require policy responses that can generally be classifi ed under six main thematic areas: • the relationship between poor physical infrastructure conditions and social deprivation; • the continuous need for physical replacement of old urban fabrics; • the strong links between economic success and urban prosperity; • the drive to maximize benefi cial uses of land while avoiding unnecessary urban sprawl; • the changing political climate and priorities expressed in changing urban policies; and • the emerging and growing importance of the sustainability agenda.