Karstic interpretation of the Winnipeg aquifer (Manitoba, Canada)

At Winnipeg, the Upper Carbonate Aquifer displays high storage and transmissibility to 10–15 m beneath an erosional plain bevelling limestones and dolomites. It extends over more than 3400 km2 and is confined by overlying glacial tills and lake clays. It is interpreted as a preglacial limestone pavement karst preserved intact because glacial ice was frozen at the base and could neither scour nor infill it. It is an instance of glacial action greatly enhancing karst aquifer capability.