Chapter 2 Striving toward reconciliation through the co-creation of water research

Water issues in Indigenous communities of “Canada” are rooted in the settler-nation’s history of colonialism. Conventional approaches to water management have failed to provide Indigenous communities with water security and limit Indigenous self-determination. Innovative and community-led approaches to water monitoring and management can help promote Indigenous water governance. The Co-Creation of Indigenous Water Quality Tools (CCIWQT) research project is a Haudenosaunee-led approach to improving water security in Six Nations of the Grand River (Six Nations). In alignment with the needs and priorities of Six Nations and underpinned by Haudenosaunee values, the goal of CCIWQT is to develop a broad range of “tools” that can assist in enhancing the community's control over their water management. These tools are being developed through a novel interpretation of co-creation. For CCIWQT, co-creation works to harmonize Indigenous and Western approaches to science by recognizing and respecting the need for knowledge coexistence without assimilation. This Indigenous-led approach to research may be one feasible way to involve non-Indigenous researchers in a reconciliation-based research process that avoids subsuming Indigenous and Local Knowledge into Western ontologies. This book chapter reflects on various reconciliation efforts that were guided by the Indigenous researchers and community members and pursued by the non-Indigenous natural scientists and engineers. Specific CCIWQT research activities are featured to demonstrate how reconciliation “Calls to Action” were applied in practice, while challenges and recommendations are discussed based on the research team's experience.