Improving the ductility in laser welded joints of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to 316 stainless steel

Dissimilar joining involving high entropy alloys is currently being explored to evaluate the suitability of these novel advanced engineering materials in structural applications. Recently, joining of a CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy to 316 stainless steel was successfully attempted. However, the joint ductility was limited by the lack of deformation experienced by the cold-rolled CoCrFeMnNi base material during tensile loading. In this work, it is shown that by simply changing the base material condition, from cold-rolled to annealed, it is possible to significantly improve the joint fracture strain from ≈ 5 to ≈ 10 %, while preserving the strength at ≈ 450 MPa. Using electron microscopy, high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and mechanical testing aided by digital image correlation, the microstructure evolution across the welded joint is assessed and correlated to its mechanical performance. Moreover, thermodynamic calculations considering the compositional changes across the fusion zone were used to predict the microstructure evolution of this region.