Physical and mathematical modeling of bottom stirring and gas evolution in electric arc furnaces

A one-third scale "thin-slice" model of an electric arc furnace was designed to simulate foaming gas evolution, arc jets, bottom stirring and oxygen lances. Liquid velocities were measured by a white light particle velocimetry system. In this paper, the measured results for bottom stirring and foaming gas evolution are presented. Numerical simulations of these two effects were made using Lagrangian and Eulerian computational fluid dynamics models.