Membrane Scaling in Electrodialysis Fed with High-Strength Wastewater

Membrane scaling problems can limit broad applications of electrodialysis (ED) for nutrients recovery from wastewater. In this study, we investigated the calcium- and magnesium-scale precipitation on ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) using a laboratory-scale ED reactor. Two high-strength wastewater streams, including municipal waste (MW) liquid digestate and food waste (FW) liquid digestate, were fed into the ED reactor. For the operation with MW …