Cognitive Dynamic System for Future RACE Vehicles in Smart Cities: A Risk Control Perspective

As one of the largest applications for the Internet of Things in smart cities, the Internet of Vehicles has attracted increasing attention over the years due to its great potential for reshaping both transportation systems and human society. While connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are currently being developed all over the world, they are unfortunately under various potential threats that could endanger the entire CAV network. In this article, we envision a new class of future vehicles, namely risk-sensitive, autonomous, connected, and electric (RACE) vehicles, to cope with uncertain attacks and potential threats. The safety, security, and privacy issues in CAV networks are identified first. Next, the cognitive dynamic system (CDS) is introduced as the supervisor of RACE vehicles for improving and coordinating multiple vehicle-mounted systems. A special function of CDS, cognitive risk control, is then described in the presence of uncertain threats. Last but not least, we present the future directions and research challenges ahead.