This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Elective cholecystectomy Elective laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy Further issues in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy Acute cholecystitis Cholecystectomy via NOTES Gallstone pancreatitis Choledocholithiasis References Introduction Elective cholecystectomy Elective laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy Further issues in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy Acute cholecystitis Cholecystectomy via NOTES Gallstone pancreatitis Choledocholithiasis References