The aim of this paper is to visualize the history of evidence‐based medicine ( EBM ) and to examine the characteristics of EBM development in C hina and the W est. We searched the W eb of S cience and the C hinese N ational Knowledge Infrastructure database for papers related to EBM . We applied information visualization techniques, citation analysis, cocitation analysis, cocitation cluster analysis, and network analysis to construct historiographies, themes networks, and chronological theme maps regarding EBM in C hina and the W est. EBM appeared to develop in 4 stages: incubation (1972–1992 in the W est vs. 1982–1999 in C hina), initiation (1992–1993 vs. 1999–2000), rapid development (1993–2000 vs. 2000–2004), and stable distribution (2000 onwards vs. 2004 onwards). Although there was a lag in EBM initiation in C hina compared with the W est, the pace of development appeared similar. Our study shows that important differences exist in research themes, domain structures, and development depth, and in the speed of adoption between C hina and the W est. In the W est, efforts in EBM have shifted from education to practice, and from the quality of evidence to its translation. In C hina, there was a similar shift from education to practice, and from production of evidence to its translation. In addition, this concept has diffused to other healthcare areas, leading to the development of evidence‐based traditional C hinese medicine, evidence‐based nursing, and evidence‐based policy making.