Environmental Applications Based on Birnbaum–Saunders Models

We discuss some environmental applications of methodologies based on the Birnbaum–Saunders model, which is an asymmetrical statistical distribution that is being widely considered to describe data collected in earth sciences. We present a formal justification, by means of the proportionate effect law, to use the Birnbaum–Saunders model as a useful distribution for environmental and regional variables. The methodologies discussed in this work include exceedance probabilities, X-bar control charts, np control charts, and spatial models. Applications with real-world environmental data sets are carried out for each discussed methodology.