Introduction

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book offers analytical insights into geophysical, hydrological, environmental and socio-economic challenges pertaining to water management in the Aral Sea Basin. It presents the historical perspective of the water management evolution in the Basin from pre-historic times through milestones that changed the route of water management over time. The chapter examines the role of hydropower as an underutilized energy source and the economic stimuli to realize its potential in the region. It provides the socio-economic aspects pertinent to water resources management in the Basin, with a focus on the role of agriculture in national economies and rural livelihoods. The chapter focuses on the local and national institutions and policies governing water resources management in the Basin by providing an overview of the current situation in each Central Asian country.