Indirect cue of paternity uncertainty does not affect nest site selection or parental care in a Pacific toadfish

Parents are expected to reduce offspring investment when confronted with reliable cues of compromised parentage, yet establishing which cues are reliable is an empirical challenge. Presenting a potential cuckolder to a breeding male is often used in experiments as an indirect cue of paternity loss. However, determining the reliability and hence the utility of this cue is an important but often-overlooked research step. Furthermore, cues of …