Moderate Certainty Evidence Suggests the Use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Does Not Decrease Hypoxia When Compared With Conventional Oxygen Therapy in the Peri-Intubation Period: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal Articles uri icon

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abstract

  • Objective: The role of high-flow nasal cannula during and before intubation is unclear despite a number of randomized clinical trials. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the benefits of high-flow nasal cannula in the peri-intubation period. Data Sources: We performed a comprehensive search of relevant databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science). Study Selection: We included randomized clinical trials that compared high-flow nasal cannula to other noninvasive oxygen delivery systems in the peri-intubation period. Data Extraction: Our primary outcome was severe desaturation (defined as peripheral oxygen saturation reading < 80% during intubation). Secondary outcomes included peri-intubation complications, apneic time, Pao 2 before and after intubation, Paco 2 after intubation, ICU length of stay, and short-term mortality. Data Synthesis: We included 10 randomized clinical trials (n = 1,017 patients). High-flow nasal cannula had no effect on the occurrence rate of peri-intubation hypoxemia (relative risk, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.68–1.42; 0.3% absolute risk reduction, moderate certainty), serious complications (relative risk, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.71–1.06), apneic time (mean difference, 10.3 s higher with high-flow nasal cannula; 95% CI, 11.0 s lower to 31.7 s higher), Pao 2 measured after preoxygenation (mean difference, 3.6 mm Hg higher; 95% CI, 3.5 mm Hg lower to 10.7 mm Hg higher), or Pao 2 measured after intubation (mean difference, 27.0 mm Hg higher; 95% CI, 13.2 mm Hg lower to 67.2 mm Hg higher), when compared with conventional oxygen therapy. There was also no effect on postintubation Paco 2, ICU length of stay, or 28-day mortality. Conclusions: We found moderate-to-low certainty evidence that the use of high-flow nasal cannula likely has no effect on severe desaturation, serious complications, apneic time, oxygenation, ICU length of stay, or overall survival when used in the peri-intubation period when compared with conventional oxygen therapy.

authors

  • Chaudhuri, Dipayan
  • Granton, David
  • Wang, Dominic Xiang
  • Einav, Sharon
  • Helviz, Yigal
  • Mauri, Tommaso
  • Ricard, Jean-Damien
  • Mancebo, Jordi
  • Frat, Jean-Pierre
  • Jog, Sameer
  • Hernandez, Gonzalo
  • Maggiore, Salvatore M
  • Hodgson, Carol
  • Jaber, Samir
  • Brochard, Laurent
  • Burns, Karen EA
  • Rochwerg, Bram

publication date

  • April 2020