Instrument Refinement: The Patient’s Perception of Life on Hemodialysis Scale

The objective of this study is to refine the Patient’s Perception of Hemodialysis Scale and data quality and refine the Patient’s Perception of Life on Hemodialysis Scale (PPHS). Collecting data from a convenient sample ( N = 236), data were collected and a cross-sectional design survey design was used. Item inclusion was based on the item’s theoretical underpinning, examination of data quality, findings from a multi-trait/multi-item …