Dichlorodiphenylchloroethylene Elevates Cytosolic Calcium Concentrations and Oscillations in Primary Cultures of Human Granulosa-Lutein Cells1

1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), a metabolite of DDT (1,1-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), is a persistent hormonally active environmental toxicant that has been found in human serum and follicular fluid. The objective of this study was to determine whether DDE can alter free calcium ion concentrations in the cytosol ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) of human granulosa cells. Changes in [Ca(2+)](cyt) in single cells loaded with Fura-2 were …