How to generalize efficacy results of randomized trials: recommendations based on a systematic review of possible approaches

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the preferred source for evidence for the effect of treatment. However, patients participating in RCTs often manifest important differences from patients seen in practice. Therefore, guideline developers have to decide whether the results are generalizable to the target population not represented in RCTs. METHOD: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to …