Electric field modulation of charge transfer processes in reaction centers of photosynthetic bacteria

External electric field modulation of charge separation and recombination processes has been achieved in native photosynthetic reaction centers. Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer films of reaction centers isolated from the photosynthetic bacterium. Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, have been incorporated into electroded sandwich cell structures allowing field modulation of both photoinduced bleaching and time-resolved absorption recovery.