Systematic Review of Questionnaires Measuring Patient Satisfaction in Ambulatory Anesthesia

BACKGROUND: Patient satisfaction has become an important component of quality improvement in ambulatory anesthesia services. However, it is difficult to measure due to its subjective and complex psychological construct. Psychometric methodology has been successfully used to evaluate this outcome. The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate questionnaires to measure patient satisfaction with ambulatory anesthesia. METHODS: A systematic literature search of The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, HAPI, PsycINFO, and Dissertation Abstracts was performed to identify studies on questionnaires evaluating patient satisfaction after ambulatory anesthesia. The authors included the articles that used multiple-item questionnaires, and the questionnaires were assessed with the strategy of psychometric questionnaire construction, validity, reliability, and acceptability. RESULTS: The authors scanned 131 articles yielded by our search strategy. Eleven articles were included in the study. Two questionnaires, IOWA Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale and Evaluation du Vecu de I'Anesthesie Generale, fulfilled the criteria, but the latter was not developed specifically for ambulatory anesthesia, whereas Iowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale was designed only for monitored anesthesia patients. CONCLUSIONS: In a large number of trials, patient satisfaction has been evaluated using overall satisfaction or nonvalidated questionnaires. Only a few studies have developed questionnaires with rigorous psychometric methods to measure patient satisfaction with anesthesia care. At this time, there is still no valid or reliable questionnaire for measuring patient satisfaction in ambulatory anesthesia. Further study should be conducted to develop standardized instruments to measure this outcome.