Catalyst Solubility and Experimental Determination of Equilibrium Constants for Heterogeneous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

The solubilities of heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) catalysts are determined for the first time and used to calculate previously unquantified ATRP equilibrium constants (K ATRP). These new data are essential for understanding, modeling, and designing ATRP processes with low catalyst concentrations. K ATRP values for CuIBr/1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine (CuIBr/HMTETA) and CuIBr/N,N,N‘,N‘,N‘ …