Resistance training alters the response of fed state mixed muscle protein synthesis in young men
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abstract
Ten healthy young men (21.0 ± 1.5 yr, 1.79 ± 0.1 m, 82.7 ± 14.7 kg, means ± SD) participated in 8 wk of intense unilateral resistance training (knee extension exercise) such that one leg was trained (T) and the other acted as an untrained (UT) control. After the 8 wk of unilateral training, infusions of l-[ring-d5]phenylalanine, l-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine, and d3-α-ketoisocaproic acid were used to measure mixed muscle protein synthesis in the T and UT legs by the direct incorporation method [fractional synthetic rate (FSR)]. Protein synthesis was determined at rest as well as 4 h and 28 h after an acute bout of resistance exercise performed at the same intensity relative to the gain in single repetition maximum before and after training. Training increased mean muscle fiber cross-sectional area only in the T leg (type I: 16 ± 10%; type II: 20 ± 19%, P < 0.05). Acute resistance exercise increased muscle protein FSR in both legs at 4 h (T: 162 ± 76%; UT: 108 ± 62%, P < 0.01 vs. rest) with the increase in the T leg being significantly higher than in the UT leg at this time ( P < 0.01). At 28 h postexercise, FSR in the T leg had returned to resting levels; however, the rate of protein synthesis in the UT leg remained elevated above resting (70 ± 49%, P < 0.01). We conclude that resistance training attenuates the protein synthetic response to acute resistance exercise, despite higher initial increases in FSR, by shortening the duration for which protein synthesis is elevated.
