Resequencing Genomic DNA of Patients With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia (MIM 144650)
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abstract
Objective—
The genetic determinants of severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG; MIM 144650) in adults are poorly defined. We therefore resequenced 3 candidate genes, namely
LPL
,
APOC2
, and
APOA5
, to search for accumulation of missense mutations in patients with severe HTG compared with normolipidemic subjects.
Methods and Results—
We resequenced >2 million base pairs of genomic DNA from 110 nondiabetic patients with severe HTG and determined the prevalence of coding sequence variants compared with 472 age- and sex-matched normolipidemic controls. We found: (1) heterozygous mutations (
LPL
p.Q-12E >11X, p.D25H, p.W86R, p.G188E, p.I194T and p.P207L;
APOC2
p.K19T and IVS2–30G>A) in 10.0% of severe HTG patients compared with 0.2% of controls (carrier odds ratio [OR] 52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.6 to 319); and (2) an association of the
APOA5
p.S19W missense variant with severe HTG (carrier OR 5.5 95% CI 3.3 to 9.1). Furthermore, either rare mutations or the
APOA5
p.S19W variant were found in 41.8% of HTG subjects compared with 8.9% of controls (carrier OR 7.4, 95% CI 4.5 to 12.0). Also, heterozygotes for rare mutations had a significantly reduced plasma triglyceride response to fibrate monotherapy.
Conclusions—
Both common and rare DNA variants in candidate genes were found in a substantial proportion of severe HTG patients. The findings underscore the value of candidate gene resequencing to understand the genetic contribution in complex lipoprotein and metabolic disorders.
